Rotational and Translational Characteristics of Topological...

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2025-10-20 05:27:07 -

Rotational and Translational Characteristics of Topological Vortices and Antivortices Based on Perspectives from Loops and Knots (4)

4. Topological Significance of Loops and Knots 4.1 Topological Invariants in Loop Structures As an important topological model for describing vortex-antivortex pairs in three-dimensional space, the stability of loop structures can be characterized by a series of topological invariants. Taking the optical vortex ring as an example, its knot number determines the topological undeformability of...

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