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Rotational and Translational Characteristics of Topological Vortices and Antivortices Based on Perspectives from Loops and Knots (4)

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Posted 2025-10-20 05:27:07

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4. Topological Significance of Loops and Knots

4.1 Topological Invariants in Loop Structures

As an important topological model for describing vortex-antivortex pairs in three-dimensional space, the stability of loop structures can be characterized by a series of topological invariants. Taking the optical vortex ring as an example, its knot number determines the topological undeformability of the structure. Changes in the knot number can reflect the interaction between vortex-antivortex pairs: co-rotating vortex pairs tend to form stable loop structures with higher knot numbers, while counter-rotating pairs may lead to structural annihilation due to a decrease in the knot number. Therefore, topological invariants provide an important theoretical tool for analyzing the stability of vortex-antivortex pairs.

4.2 Topological Phase Transition Behavior in Knot Theory

Knot theory provides an effective framework for understanding the topological phase transitions of vortex-antivortex pairs. For example, in optical vortices, changes in the kinking number can cause significant transitions in the phase structure. Such phase transitions are closely related to the rotational and translational behaviors of vortex-antivortex pairs: co-rotating vortex pairs help form topological structures with stable kinking numbers, while counter-rotating pairs may trigger topological phase transitions due to abrupt changes in the kinking number. This mechanism provides a theoretical basis for topological control in optical device design and quantum information transmission.

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