The Disciplinary Reconstruction of Replacing Quantum Materials with Topological Materials Based on Topological Vortex Theory (1)

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Posted 2025-10-21 02:14:38
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Bao-hua ZHANG

Abstract

Quantum Materials, as a frontier field in contemporary condensed matter physics, suffer from ambiguity in their core concept "quantum" due to its lack of a strict definition. This leads to conceptual confusion for researchers in theoretical construction and experimental verification, and may even give rise to pseudoscientific issues (such as "observation alters reality" or "spooky action-at-a-distance of quantum entanglement"). In contrast, Topological Materials, based on mathematical topological invariants, possess a clear physical framework. In particular, the strictly defined topological vortex and anti-vortex provide more precise theoretical tools for studying the hierarchical structure of matter. Starting from the topological vortex theory, this paper demonstrates the necessity of replacing Quantum Materials with Topological Materials and explores their potential applications in particle physics, materials science, and cosmology.

Keywords: Topological Materials; Quantum Materials; Topological Vortex; Disciplinary Reconstruction; Topological Invariant

1. The Ambiguity of Quantum Materials and the Clarity of Topological Materials

1.1 Conceptual Dilemmas of Quantum Materials

The term "Quantum Materials" broadly refers to materials exhibiting quantum effects (such as quantum entanglement, the quantum Hall effect, superconductivity, etc.), but "quantum" itself lacks a rigorous definition. For example:

  1. Quantum Entanglement is often misunderstood as "spooky action-at-a-distance," while it is actually a mathematical description of correlated states.
  2. Quantum Tunneling is frequently overinterpreted as "particles traversing classically forbidden regions," whereas its essence lies in the non-locality of the wave function.
  3. Quantum Decoherence is mistakenly perceived as "wavefunction collapse induced by observation," while it is actually a result of interaction with the environment.

This ambiguity may lead researchers towards unscientific explanations, even spawning "quantum mysticism" (e.g., quantum consciousness, quantum immortality).

1.2 The Rigorous Framework of Topological Materials

Topological Materials are based on mathematical topology, and their core characteristics (such as topological invariants, edge states, vortex structures) have strict definitions:

  1. Topological Vortex: A localized rotational structure possessing an integer topological charge (e.g., magnetic flux vortex, superfluid vortex).
  2. Anti-vortex: A vortex with an opposite topological charge, forming a dual structure with the vortex.
  3. Topological Protection: The stability of vortices is guaranteed by topological invariants (e.g., Chern number, winding number) and is unaffected by perturbations.

This clarity avoids the conceptual confusion introduced by "quantum" and is more suitable as a theoretical foundation for matter research.

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