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Analyzing the Scientific Nature and Verifiability of Topological Vortex Theory (2)I. The Plurality of Scientific Verification: Beyond Narrow Positivism 1.1 Evolution in Philosophy of Science: From Logical Positivism to Explanatory Power Paradigms The early 20th-century Logical Positivism emphasized “verifiability” as the criterion for demarcating science, a standard long since critiqued and transcended within philosophy of science. Karl Popper’s...1 评论 0 分享 176 浏览次数 0 评价
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Analyzing the Scientific Nature and Verifiability of Topological Vortex Theory (3)III. Ubiquitous Vortex Structures: An Evidentiary Map from Atoms to the Cosmos Critics claim that Topological Vortex Theory “lacks verification,” thereby disregarding the empirical evidence for the widespread existence of vortex structures in nature. While these phenomena are not always labeled as “direct verification of Topological Vortex Theory,” they all fall within...1 评论 0 分享 186 浏览次数 0 评价
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Analyzing the Scientific Nature and Verifiability of Topological Vortex Theory (4)IV. Refuting “Lack of Verification Implies Non-Science”: Dual Errors in Logic and Fact 4.1 Logical Fallacy: Confusing “Direct Verification” with “Holistic Validation” Critics equate “temporarily lacking direct experimental data” with “lacking any validation,” committing the fallacy of hasty generalization. Scientific validation is a...1 评论 0 分享 175 浏览次数 0 评价
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Analyzing the Scientific Nature and Verifiability of Topological Vortex Theory (5)V. Conclusion: Towards a More Inclusive View of Science Topological Vortex Theory (TVT) is far from an unverified speculation; it is a scientific theory with profound mathematical foundations [1], broad explanatory power, and accumulating empirical support [1-4]. Critics who reject its scientific nature due to its abstract mathematical form reflect a narrow, rigid view of science that is...1 评论 0 分享 178 浏览次数 0 评价