A Study on Topological Vortex Ring Interactions Based on...

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2025-10-29 01:03:31 -

A Study on Topological Vortex Ring Interactions Based on Möbius Loop and Hopf Link Concepts (1)

Abstract This paper aims to explore the complex interactions of topological vortex rings in fluid mechanics and establish a novel topological framework for them. Vortex rings, as coherent structures carrying circulation and possessing stable topological structures, undergo interactions (such as collision, threading, and merging) that are inherently processes of topological transformation. We...

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