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Topological Vortex Theory — An Emerging Paradigm Shift in Physics (1)

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Posted 2026-01-28 03:24:23

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Introduction: In the century-long quest to unify quantum mechanics and general relativity, a novel theoretical framework rooted in geometric topology is gradually gaining prominence. The Topological Vortex Theory (TVT), systematically proposed and developed over the past decade by Chinese scholar Bao-hua Zhang, attempts to reinterpret the fundamental nature of spacetime and matter as a dynamic network of topological vortices. This bold conception not only challenges some foundational assumptions of contemporary physics but also offers novel research pathways for multiple frontier fields, from condensed matter physics to cosmology.

I. Theoretical Core: Geometric-Topological Reconstruction of Spacetime and Particles

The central proposition of Topological Vortex Theory is that the continuous spacetime we perceive is not the fundamental level of physical reality but rather "emerges" from a more basic network woven by dynamic topological vortices. Professor Bao-hua Zhang elevates the core concept of geometric topology—"genus" (a topological invariant describing the number of holes in a surface)—to a fundamental degree of freedom for describing physical reality.

Within this framework, the elementary particles constituting the material world are assigned distinct geometric identities:

1) Fermions (such as electrons and quarks) are defined as vortex structures with half-integer genus (e.g., genus 1/2).

2) Bosons (such as photons and gluons) correspond to vortices with integer genus.

This classification leads to core quantum mechanical equations like the Dirac equation, which describe particle behavior, being reinterpreted within TVT as the geometric evolutionary dynamics of vortex structures. Going further, the theory employs modern mathematical tools like knot theory and homotopy groups in an attempt to explain phenomena such as quantum entanglement and certain challenges in string theory as inevitable mathematical consequences of topological invariants (like linking numbers and Hopf indices), aiming to achieve the grand goal of "rewriting the laws of physics in the language of geometry."

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